Kutshanje, kufunyaniswe ukuba ubushushu behle kakhulu, kwaye ibhetri yayigcwele emva kokutshaja, kodwa yaphelelwa ngamandla emva kokuyisebenzisa. Kule meko, masithethe ngobudlelwane phakathi kwebhetri nobushushu:
Iiibhetri ze-lithium eziphantsi zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwe-4℃, ixesha lenkonzo yebhetri nalo liya kuncitshiswa, kwaye ezinye iibhetri ze-lithium zokuqala azinakutshajwa nakwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki kakhulu. Le yimeko yexeshana nje, eyahlukileyo kuleyo isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu. Nje ukuba ubushushu bunyuke, iimolekyuli ezikwibhetri ziya kufudunyezwa, kwaye ibhetri iya kuphinda ifumane amandla ayo angaphambili ngoko nangoko. Okukhona ubushushu buphezulu, kokukhona isantya sokuhamba kwe-anion kunye ne-cation kwiseli eyintloko sikhawuleza, kokukhona isantya sokufumana nokulahleka kwe-electron kwii-electrodes ezimbini sikhawuleza, kwaye kokukhona umbane usiba mkhulu.
Impembelelo yoBushushu kwiNgxaki yangaphakathi yeBhetri kwimeko yeIsikali seLoriUbunjineli
Xa ukhupha itshaja kubushushu obuphakathi be-0℃~30℃, ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri kuyehla ngokunyuka kobushushu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, xa ubushushu bebhetri buncipha, ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri kuyenyuka kancinci kancinci, kwaye ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri kuyatshintsha ngokulandelelana nobushushu. Ngoko ke, ubushushu bokusebenza bokukhupha ibhetri bungaphakathi koluhlu lwe-0℃~30℃. Ukuqhuba kwe-electrolyte kulungile, kwaye isantya sokusasazwa kwe-hydrogen ion kunye ne-sulfate ion kwi-electrolyte ukuya kwi-active substance siphezulu. Oku akuphuculi nje kuphela isiphumo se-concentration polarization, kodwa kukwaphucula nesantya se-electrode reaction, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi impembelelo ye-electro.i-nicukuvuleka kweekhemikhali, ngoko ke amandla okukhupha ibhetri ayanda.
Xa ubushushu obuphantsi buhla ngaphantsi kwe-0℃, ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuya kunyuka nge-15% kwi-10 nganye℃ukwehla kobushushu. Ngenxa yokuba i-viscosity yesisombululo se-sulfuric acid iba nkulu, ukumelana okuthe ngqo kwesisombululo se-sulfuric acid kuya kwanda, nto leyo eya kwenza kube nzima ngakumbi isiphumo se-electrode polarization. Umthamo webhetri uya kuncipha kakhulu.
Impembelelo yeTi-emperature ivuliweCukurhawuzelela kunyeDiyatshaja
Phinda umjikelo wokukhupha ibhetri kunye nokutshaja ibhetri rhoqo nge-voltage ephantsi. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ubushushu bebhetri abuphezulu ngenxa yokuqhuba kobushushu. Ukuba umjikelo wokutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri uyaphindwa, ubushushu be-electrolyte buya kuba phezulu kakhulu.
Ukuba itshaja kubushushu obuphantsi, uxinano lwangoku lokusasazwa luyancipha kakhulu, ngelixa uxinano lwangoku lotshintshiselwano luncipha kakhulu, ngoko ke i-concentration polarization iyaqina, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja. Kwelinye icala, ukugcwala kwe-sulfate ye-lead ekhutshiweyo yokugqibela kubushushu obuphantsi kwandisa ukumelana kokutshaja kwebhetri kunye nokuphendula kokukhupha, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja.
Ukuba ibhetri itshajwe kubushushu obungaphezulu kwe-10℃, i-polarization incitshisiwe kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokunyibilika kunye nokunyibilika kwe-lead sulfate kunokuphuculwa. Ukongeza, izinga lokusasazeka kweoksijini liyanda kubushushu obuphezulu, nto leyo eya kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kunye nokukhupha ibhetri phantsi kwempembelelo yezi zinto zibanzi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-16-2022